Relationship between tobacco, cagA and vacA i1 virulence factors and bacterial load in patients infected by Helicobacter pylori
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Santibáñez Margüello, Miguel


Date
2015Derechos
Atribución 3.0 España
© Los autores. Data Ability Statement. The authors confirm that, for approved reasons, some access restrictions apply to the data underlying the findings. The data are available on request from the University of Cantabria Archive (http://repositorio.unican.es/xmlui/handle/10902/5982) for researchers who meet the criteria for access to confidential data. Requests may be sent to Professor Miguel Santibañez (miguel.santibanez@unican.es) or Juan Carlos Rodríguez (rodriguez_juadia@gva.es). This restriction is due to ethical compliance in order to not compromise study participants' privacy, since dataset derive from clinical studies involving human participants.
Publicado en
PLoS One. 2015 Mar 20;10(3):e0120444
Publisher
Public Library of Science
Abstract:
Background and Aim
Several biological and epidemiological studies support a relationship between smoking and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) to increase the risk of pathology. However, there have been few studies on the potential synergistic association between specific cagA and vacA virulence factors and smoking in patients infected by Helicobacter pylori. We studied the relationship between smoking and cagA, vacA i1 virulence factors and bacterial load in H. pylori infected patients.
Methods
Biopsies of the gastric corpus and antrum from 155 consecutive patients in whom there was clinical suspicion of infection by H. pylori were processed. In 106 patients H. pylori infection was detected. Molecular methods were used to quantify the number of microorganisms and presence of cagA and vacA i1 genes. A standardized questionnaire was used to obtain patients’ clinical data and lifestyle variables, including tobacco and alcohol consumption. Adjusted Odds Ratios (ORadjusted) were estimated by unconditional logistic regression.
Results
cagA was significantly associated with active-smoking at endoscope: ORadjusted 4.52. Evidence of association was found for vacA i1 (ORadjusted 3.15). Bacterial load was higher in active-smokers, although these differences did not yield statistical significance (median of 262.2 versus 79.4 copies of H. pylori per cell).
Conclusions
The association between smoking and a higher risk of being infected by a virulent bacterial population and with higher bacterial load, support a complex interaction between H. pylori infection and environmental factors.
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