Spatial compatibility between emerging marine economies and existing uses in the exclusive economic zone of southern Brazil

Abstract

Blue Growth highlights the need for integrated management approaches and strategic planning to minimize conflicts and optimize the use of space. This study analyzes the spatial compatibility between existing uses and potential zones for emerging activities in the Exclusive Economic Zone of Southern Brazil. The proposed methodology was based on a three-step approach: (i) spatial analysis to identify possible zones of overlap between emerging activities (i.e., wind energy, wave energy, aquaculture and mining) and existing uses. (ii) Consultation with MSP experts and key stakeholders through an online survey based on the Delphi method. (iii) Application of the survey responses, using the Analytic Hierarchy Process, to generate a Spatial Compatibility Index. The combination of wind and wave energy was the most compatible interaction found. Aquaculture shows low compatibility with other uses, due to the sensitivity of farming live species. Mining also showed low compatibility, mainly due to the risks involved in its operation. This contribution shows the possible spatial conflicts and synergies from a stakeholder perspective. This methodological approach aims to boost sustainable development in the marine environment, driving multi-use and reducing the impact associated to the exploitation of different activities.