IoTRec: the IoT recommender for smart parking system

Abstract

ABSTRACT: This article proposes a General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)-compliant Internet of Things (IoT) Recommender (IoTRec) system, developed in the framework of H2020 EU-KR WISE-IoT (Worldwide Interoperability for Semantic IoT) project, which provides the recommendations of parking spots and routes while protecting users´ privacy. It provides recommendations by exploiting the IoT technology (parking and traffic sensors). The IoTRec provides four-fold functions. First, it helps the user to find a free parking spot based on different metrics (such as the nearest or nearest trusted parking spot). Second, it recommends a route (the least crowded or the shortest route) leading to the recommended parking spot from the user´s current location. Third, it provides the real-time provision of expected availability of parking areas (comprised of parking spots organized into groups) in a user-friendly manner. Finally, it provides a GDPR-compliant implementation for operating in a privacy-aware environment. The IoTRec is integrated into the smart parking use case of the WISE-IoT project and is evaluated by the citizens of Santander, Spain through a prototype, but it can be applied to any IoT-enabled locality. The evaluation results show the citizens satisfaction with the quality, functionalities, ease of use and reliability of the recommendations/services offered by the IoTRec.