Air pollutant emissions from international ocean-going vessels have a significant impact on public health and global climate change due to growth rates of sea transport. Therefore, the manufactures and organizations stresses the need to reduce emissions of hazardous air pollutants in the shipping. They highlight the importance of curbing quality degradation by anthropogenic emissions from shipping. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) establishes limitations to deal with emissions by focusing on the nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur oxides (SOx), carbon dioxide (CO2) and particulate matter (PM).
IMO's involvement in emission requires consideration of technologies to control limitations. Therefore, the aim of this TFM is to review the technologies that are applied in ships and the technologies still in the development, in order to improve air quality and human health.
This work presents a comprehensive analysis of the different techniques of reducing air pollution in shipping, focusing on the technical-operational aspects. Besides, the study gives an overview of positive factors and negatives of different technologies.
The results of this review have identified that selective catalytic reduction and the wet air are the most powerful techniques in reducing the emission of NOx, while the use of exhaust gas scrubbing or low sulphur fuels ere use to reduce the emission of SOX.
In summary, an objective approach is presented based on reports and studies about shipping pollutant, as well as analyzing the steps to be taken to curb air quality degradation.
