Calculating the SAR distribution in two human head models exposed to printed antenna with coupling feed for GSM/UMTS/LTE/WLAN operation in the mobile phone

Abstract

The scope of this paper is to examine the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) inside the human head model exposed to the radiation of a low-profile printed monopole antenna with coupling feed for GSM/UMTS/LTE/WLAN operation in the slim mobile phone. The presented antenna operates for most of the mobile phone applications such as the GSM850, GSM900, GSM1900, UMTS2100, LTE2300, LTE2500 and WLAN2400 bands. In this study, two different human head models are used: homogenous spherical head and spherical seven layer model. In addition, the effects of operating frequency and the gap distance between the mobile phone antenna and the human head model on distributions of the SAR within the human head are analyzed. All the simulations are done for three different distances between the antenna and the head model (5 mm, 10 mm, 20 mm). Furthermore, the SAR levels for the head tissues are calculated for and with accordance to the two currently accepted standards: Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP). All numerical simulations are performed using the Ansoft HFSS Software and CST Microwave Studio.