@article{10902/29925,
year = {2023},
url = {https://hdl.handle.net/10902/29925},
abstract = {Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is a highly pleiotropic cytokine that has broad anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. In patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the immunosuppressive effect of TGF-β1 is thought to be dysfunctional. In the present work, we aimed to study the relationship between the serum levels of TGF-β1 with the characteristics of the disease as well as with the patterns of activity, damage, or severity of the disease. Two hundred and eighty-four patients with well-characterized SLE were recruited. The serum levels of TGF-β1 were assessed. A multivariable linear regression analysis was performed to analyze the relation of disease characteristics to TGF-β1. The Katz severity index (beta coefficient 179 [95% confidence interval 7–350] pg/mL, p = 0.041) and SLEDAI activity index (beta coefficient 96 [95% CI 20–171] pg/mL, p = 0.014) were associated with higher serum levels of TGF-β1 after the multivariable analysis. When the disease-specific features were studied, ocular and cardiovascular manifestations were positively associated with serum TGF-β1 levels. In contrast, gastrointestinal and musculoskeletal involvements were associated with lower levels of circulating TGF-β1. Among patients with SLE, the serum levels of TGF-β1 were highly associated with disease-related manifestations.},
organization = {Funding: This work was supported by a grant to I.F-A. from the Spanish Ministry of Health, Subdirección General de Evaluación y Fomento de la Investigación, Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013–2016 and by Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional—FEDER—(Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias, PI 20/00084)},
publisher = {MDPI},
publisher = {Biomolecules, 2023, 13, 73},
title = {Serum levels of transforming growth factor beta 1 in systemic lupus erythematosus patients},
author = {Gómez-Bernal, Fuensanta and Quevedo-Abeledo, Juan Carlos and García-González, María and Fernández-Cladera, Yolanda and González-Rivero, Agustín F. and Vera-González, Antonia de and Martín-González, Candelaria and González-Gay Mantecón, Miguel Ángel and Ferraz-Amaro, Iván},
}