@article{10902/28453,
year = {2011},
month = {12},
url = {https://hdl.handle.net/10902/28453},
abstract = {We describe the processing of data from the Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) used in production of the Planck Early Release Compact Source Catalogue (ERCSC). In particular, we discuss the steps involved in reducing the data from telemetry packets to cleaned, calibrated, time-ordered data (TOD) and frequency maps. Data are continuously calibrated using the modulation of the temperature of the cosmic microwave background radiation induced by the motion of the spacecraft. Noise properties are estimated from TOD from which the sky signal has been removed using a generalized least square map-making algorithm. Measured 1/f noise knee-frequencies range from  ~100 mHz at 30 GHz to a few tens of mHz at 70GHz. A destriping code (Madam) is employed to combine radiometric data and pointing information into sky maps, minimizing the variance of correlated noise. Noise covariance matrices required to compute statistical uncertainties on LFI and Planck products are also produced. Main beams are estimated down to the  ??10dB level using Jupiter transits, which are also used for geometrical calibration of the focal plane.},
organization = {Planck is too large a project to allow full acknowledgement of all contributions by individuals, institutions, industries, and funding agencies. The main entities involved in the mission operations are as follows. The European Space Agency operates the satellite via its Mission Operations Centre located at ESOC (Darmstadt, Germany) and coordinates scientific operations via the Planck Science Office located at ESAC (Madrid, Spain). Two Consortia, comprising around 50 scientific institutes within Europe, the USA, and Canada, and funded by agencies from the participating countries, developed the scientific instruments LFI and HFI, and continue to operate them via Instrument Operations Teams located in Trieste (Italy) and Orsay (France). The Consortia are also responsible for scientific processing of the acquired data. The Consortia are led by the Principal Investigators: J.L. Puget in France for HFI (funded principally by CNES and CNRS/INSU-IN2P3) and N. Mandolesi in Italy for LFI(funded principally via ASI). NASA US Planck Project, based at J.P.L. and involving scientists at many US institutions, contributes significantly to the efforts of these two Consortia. The author list for this paper has been selected by the Planck Science Team, and is composed of individuals from all of the above entities who have made multi-year contributions to the development of the mission. It does not pretend to be inclusive of all contributions. The Planck-LFI project is developed by an International Consortium lead by Italy and involving
Canada, Finland, Germany, Norway, Spain, Switzerland, UK, USA. The Italian contribution to Planck is supported by the Italian Space Agency (ASI) and INAF. This work was supported by the Academy of Finland grants 121703 and 121962. We thank the DEISA Consortium (http://www.deisa.eu), co-funded through the EU FP6 project RI-031513 and the FP7 project RI-222919, for support within the DEISA Virtual Community Support Initiative. We thank CSC – IT Center for Science Ltd (Finland) for computational resources. We acknowledge financial support provided by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaciõn through the Plan Nacional del Espacio y Plan Nacional de Astronomia y Astrofisica. We acknowledge The Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics Planck Analysis Centre (MPAC) is funded by the Space Agency of the German Aerospace Center (DLR) under grant 50OP0901 with resources of the German Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology, and by the Max Planck Society. This work has made use of the Planck satellite simulation package (Level-S), which is assembled by the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics Planck Analysis Centre (MPAC) Reinecke et al. (2006). We acknowledge financial support provided by the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Some of the results in this paper have been derived using the HEALPix package Górski et al. (2005). A description of the Planck
Collaboration and a list of its members, indicating which technical or scientific activities they have been involved in, can be found at http://www.rssd.esa.int/index.php?project=PLANCK&page=Planck_Collaboration.},
publisher = {EDP Sciences},
publisher = {Astronomy and Astrophysics, 2011, 536, A5},
title = {Planck early results. V. The low frequency instrument data processing},
author = {Zacchei, A. and Maino, D. and Baccigalupi, C. and Bersanelli, M. and Bonaldi, A. and Bonavera, L. and Burigana, C. and Butler, R. C. and Cuttaia, F. and De Zotti, G. and Dick, J. and Frailis, M. and López-Caniego Alcarria, Marcos and Barreiro Vilas, Rita Belén and Cruz Rodríguez, Marcos and Curto Martín, Andrés and Diego Rodríguez, José María and Herranz Muñoz, Diego and Martínez González, Enrique and Vielva Martínez, Patricio},
}