@article{10902/26625,
year = {2023},
url = {https://hdl.handle.net/10902/26625},
abstract = {Objectives
To analyze the prevalence, incidence, survival and contribution on mortality of major central nervous system (CNS) involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods
Patients fulfilling the SLE 1997 ACR classification criteria from the multicentre, retrospective RELESSER-TRANS (Spanish Society of Rheumatology Lupus Register) were included. Prevalence, incidence and survival rates of major CNS neuropsychiatric (NP)-SLE as a group and the individual NP manifestations cerebrovascular disease (CVD), seizure, psychosis, organic brain syndrome and transverse myelitis were calculated. Furthermore, the contribution of these manifestations on mortality was analysed in Cox regression models adjusted for confounders.

Results
A total of 3591 SLE patients were included. Of them, 412 (11.5%) developed a total of 522 major CNS NP-SLE manifestations. 61 patients (12%) with major CNS NP-SLE died. The annual mortality rate for patients with and without ever major CNS NP-SLE was 10.8% vs 3.8%, respectively. Individually, CVD (14%) and organic brain syndrome (15.5%) showed the highest mortality rates. The 10% mortality rate for patients with and without ever major CNS NP-SLE was reached after 12.3?vs 22.8 years, respectively. CVD (9.8 years) and organic brain syndrome (7.1 years) reached the 10% mortality rate earlier than other major CNS NP-SLE manifestations. Major CNS NP-SLE (HR 1.85, 1.29?2.67) and more specifically CVD (HR 2.17, 1.41?3.33) and organic brain syndrome (HR 2.11, 1.19?3.74) accounted as independent prognostic factors for poor survival.

Conclusion
The presentation of major CNS NP-SLE during the disease course contributes to a higher mortality, which may differ depending on the individual NP manifestation. CVD and organic brain syndrome are associated with the highest mortality rates.},
publisher = {Elsevier},
publisher = {Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism 
Volume 58, February 2023, 152121},
title = {Central nervous system involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus: Data from the Spanish Society of Rheumatology Lupus Register (RELESSER)},
author = {Magro-Checa, Cesar and Ramiro, Sofia and Rúa-Figueroa, Iñigo and Jimenez, Norman and Campo-Pérez, Víctor del and Martinez-Barrio, Julia and Galindo-Izquierdo, María and Calvo-Alén, Jaime and Uriarte-Itzazelaia, Esther and Tomero-Muriel, Eva and Freire-González, Mercedes and Martínez Taboada, Víctor Manuel and Salgado, Eva and Vela, Paloma and Mena-Vázquez, Natalia and Olivé, Alejandro and Narváez, Javier and Menor-Almagro, Raúl and Santos-Soler, Gregorio and Hernández-Beriaín, José A},
}