@article{10902/26319,
year = {2022},
month = {7},
url = {https://hdl.handle.net/10902/26319},
abstract = {ABSTRACT: This paper deals with the evolution monitoring of biomass colonization and mechanical properties of 3D printed eco-materials/mortars immersed in the sea. Measurements of tensile strength, compressive strength, and Young’s modulus were determined on samples deployed along the Atlantic coast of Europe, in France, United Kingdom, Spain, and Portugal. The samples were manufactured using 3D printing, where six mix designs with a low environmental impact binder were used. These mortars were based on geopolymer and cementitious binders (Cement CEM III), in which sand is replaced by three types of recycled sand, including glass, seashell, and limestone by 30%, 50%, and 100% respectively. The colonization of concrete samples by micro/macro-organisms and their durability were also evaluated after 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months of immersion. The results showed that both biomass colonization and mechanical properties were better with CEM III compared to geopolymer-based compositions. Therefore, the mixed design optimized according to mechanical properties show that the use of CEM III should be preferred over these geopolymer binders in 3D printed concrete for artificial reef applications.},
organization = {Funding was provided by Interreg Atlantic area through the project EAPA_174/2016- 3DPARE-Artificial Reef 3D Printing for Atlantic area granted to the Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto; Bournemouth University; ESITC—École Supérieure d’Ingénieurs des Travaux de la Construction de Caen; University of Cantabria; and IPMA—Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera. Other supports were provided by MARE (FCT/MCTES–UIDB/04292/2020), by CIIMAR (FCT/MCTES–UIDB/04423/2020 and UIDP/04423/2020), and by the project LA/P/0069/2020 granted to the Associate Laboratory ARNET.},
publisher = {MDPI},
publisher = {Sustainability},
title = {On the Properties Evolution of Eco-Material Dedicated to Manufacturing Artificial Reef via 3D Printing: Long-Term Interactions of Cementitious Materials in the Marine Environment},
author = {Boukhelf, Fouad and Sebaibi, Nassim and Boutouil, Mohamed and Yoris Nóbile, Adrián Isidro and Blanco Fernández, Elena and Castro Fresno, Daniel and Real Gutiérrez, Carlos and Herbert, Roger J.H. and Greenhill, Sam and Reis, Bianca and Franco, João N. and Borges, Maria Teresa and Sousa-Pinto, Isabel and Van der Linden, Pieter and Babé Gómez, Óscar and Sainz Meyer, Hugo and Almada, Emanuel and Stafford, Rick and Danet, Valentin and Lobo Arteaga, Jorge and Tuaty Guerra, Miriam and Hall, Alice E.},
}