@article{10902/16310,
year = {2016},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10902/16310},
abstract = {BACKGROUND:
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a costly, devastating and life shortening mental disorder that is often misdiagnosed, especially on initial presentation. Misdiagnosis frequently results in ineffective treatment. We investigated the utility of a biomarker panel as a diagnostic test for BD.

METHODS AND FINDINGS:
We performed a meta-analysis of eight case-control studies to define a diagnostic biomarker panel for BD. After validating the panel on established BD patients, we applied it to undiagnosed BD patients. We analysed 249 BD, 122 pre-diagnostic BD, 75 pre-diagnostic schizophrenia and 90 first onset major depression disorder (MDD) patients and 371 controls. The biomarker panel was identified using ten-fold cross-validation with lasso regression applied to the 87 analytes available across the meta-analysis studies. We identified 20 protein analytes with excellent predictive performance [area under the curve (AUC)?0.90]. Importantly, the panel had a good predictive performance (AUC 0.84) to differentiate 12 misdiagnosed BD patients from 90 first onset MDD patients, and a fair to good predictive performance (AUC 0.79) to differentiate between 110 pre-diagnostic BD patients and 184 controls. We also demonstrated the disease specificity of the panel.

CONCLUSIONS:
An early and accurate diagnosis has the potential to delay or even prevent the onset of BD. This study demonstrates the potential utility of a biomarker panel as a diagnostic test for BD.},
organization = {We would like to thank all participants of this study as well as all participating centres for the collaboration and for access to the serum samples. We gratefully acknowledge support by the Stanley Medical Research Institute (no. 07R-1888). The infrastructure for the NESDA study (www.nesda.nl) has been funded through the Geestkracht program of the Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (Zon-Mw, grant number 10-000-1002) and participating universities (VU University Medical Center, Leiden University Medical Center, University Medical Center Groningen). DNC, DWN and NSW efforts were funded by the Stanley Medical Research Institute and the US Department of the Army.},
publisher = {Elsevier},
publisher = {Brain Behav Immun. 2016 Feb;52:49-57},
title = {Towards a blood-based diagnostic panel for bipolar disorder},
author = {Haenisch, Frieder and Cooper, Jason D. and Reif, Andreas and Kittel-Schneider, Sarah and Steiner, Johann and Leweke, F. Markus and Rothermundt, Matthias and Beveren, Nico J.M. van and Crespo Facorro, Benedicto and Niebuhr, David W. and Cowan, David N. and Weber, Natalya S. and Yolken, Robert H. and Penninx, Brenda W.J.H. and Bahn, Sabine},
}