@article{10902/14833,
year = {2018},
month = {11},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10902/14833},
abstract = {Background

The profile of cortical neuroanatomical abnormalities in schizophrenia is not fully understood, despite hundreds of published structural brain imaging studies. This study presents the first meta-analysis of cortical thickness and surface area abnormalities in schizophrenia conducted by the ENIGMA (Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta Analysis) Schizophrenia Working Group.


Methods

The study included data from 4474 individuals with schizophrenia (mean age, 32.3 years; range, 11?78 years; 66% male) and 5098 healthy volunteers (mean age, 32.8 years; range, 10?87 years; 53% male) assessed with standardized methods at 39 centers worldwide.


Results

Compared with healthy volunteers, individuals with schizophrenia have widespread thinner cortex (left/right hemisphere: Cohen?s d = ?0.530/?0.516) and smaller surface area (left/right hemisphere: Cohen?s d = ?0.251/?0.254), with the largest effect sizes for both in frontal and temporal lobe regions. Regional group differences in cortical thickness remained significant when statistically controlling for global cortical thickness, suggesting regional specificity. In contrast, effects for cortical surface area appear global. Case-control, negative, cortical thickness effect sizes were two to three times larger in individuals receiving antipsychotic medication relative to unmedicated individuals. Negative correlations between age and bilateral temporal pole thickness were stronger in individuals with schizophrenia than in healthy volunteers. Regional cortical thickness showed significant negative correlations with normalized medication dose, symptom severity, and duration of illness and positive correlations with age at onset.


Conclusions

The findings indicate that the ENIGMA meta-analysis approach can achieve robust findings in clinical neuroscience studies; also, medication effects should be taken into account in future genetic association studies of cortical thickness in schizophrenia.},
organization = {PAFIP1.5T & PAFIP 3T: The PAFIP study was supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MINECOSAF2013-46292-R, PSYSCAN (Exp.: HEALTH.2013.2.2.1-2_Grant agreement no. 603196), FIS PI14/00639. We want to particularly acknowledge the patients and the BioBankValdecilla (PT13/0010/0024) integrated in the Spanish National Biobanks Network for its collaboration. We thank IDIVAL Neuroimaging Unit for its help in the technical execution of this work.},
publisher = {Elsevier},
publisher = {Biological Psychiatry 

Volume 84, Issue 9, 1 November 2018, Pages 644-654},
title = {Cortical Brain Abnormalities in 4474 Individuals With Schizophrenia and 5098 Control Subjects via the Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics Through Meta Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium},
author = {Erp, Theo GM. van and Walton, Esther and Hibar, Derrek P. and Schmaal, Lianne and Jiang, Wenhao and Glahn, David C. and Pearlson, Godfrey D. and Yao, Nailin and Fukunaga, Masaki and Hashimoto, Ryota and Okada, Naohiro and Yamamori, Hidenaga and Bustillo, Juan R. and Clark, Vincent P. and Agartz, Ingrid and Mueller, Bryon A. and Cahn, Wiepke and Crespo Facorro, Benedicto and Roiz Santiáñez, Roberto Miguel and Tordesillas Gutiérrez, Diana},
}